ref: a609ffb20226eba3d4dc628d7b4d284eddd1c114
dir: /Values/README.md/
# Values
Limbo has a variety of primitive types available and possesses the ability to coerce between them.
## Source
### values.b:6,7
sys: Sys;
print, sprint: import sys;
The name `sys` is declared as type `Sys`. If you are defining a type for a name, the format is: `varname: typename`.
The `import` statement allows you to define a local name which is tied to a name in another space. That is, the `print` name becomes equivalent to `sys->print`.
### values.b:16,19
n := 7;
b := big 8;
f := real 3.2;
str := "String!";
Three variables are defined, `n` is an integer, `b` is a long integer, `f` is a floating point number, `str` is a string.
Rather than the word float, the word `real` is used to identify a floating point number.
Note: At present, Inferno only supports 32-bit architectures, so all types are 32-bit types.
### values.b:21,22
print("%d\n", 0 || 1);
print("%d\n", 0 && 1);
There are no boolean types in Limbo. As per C, 0 indicates false and values ≥ 1 indicate true.
### values.b:24,26
print("%d\n", n / int f);
print("%f\n", real n / f);
print("%bd\n", b / big 8);
Types and type conflicts are checked at compile-time. Prefacing a variable or value with a type name coerces the variable or value to an equivalent value of the provided type.
There are no implicit conversions of types, all type coercion must be explicitly stated.
### values.b:28,29
print("%s\n", str[:len str-1]);
print("%s\n", str[2:]);
Array types can be sliced. The `:` operator acts on a range between either a value or to one end of the array if no value is provided on a side of the `:`.
The `len` statement provides the number of elements in a string, array, or list.
### values.b:31,32
print("%s", "inferno " + "os " + sprint("%c", '\n'));
print("limbo" + " " + "lang\n");
Strings can be concatenated via `+` and `+=` (not shown).
## Demo
; limbo values.b
; values
1
0
2
2.187500
1
String
ring!
inferno os
limbo lang
;
## Exercises
- On values.b:31 remove the `"%s",`, what happens?
- Try removing type coercions and change format specifiers, see what happens!